Skills outline
AZ-900 study guide: every skill Microsoft measures, weighted, with a plan to cover it
This AZ-900 (Microsoft Azure Fundamentals) study guide is the skills outline in force since 20 July 2026, laid out for studying: three skill areas weighted 25–30%, 35–40% and 30–35%, eleven sub-objectives beneath them, the near-twin services each one likes to pair up, and an order to work through them. The weights and labels come from Microsoft’s study guide for Exam AZ-900; the explanations and the plan are ours.
The AZ-900 skills outline at a glance (as of 20 July 2026)
Microsoft measures three skill areas and publishes each weight as a range, not a fixed share. Architecture and services is the heaviest at 35–40%, management and governance follows at 30–35%, and cloud concepts carries 25–30%. Read the ranges as an order of importance, not a question count: Microsoft gives no fixed number of questions for AZ-900, only that its exams typically contain 40–60.
Cloud concepts
25–30%
- cloud computing
- the benefits of using cloud services
- cloud service types
35–40%
- the core architectural components of Azure
- Azure compute and networking services
- Azure storage services
- Azure identity, access, and security
30–35%
- cost management in Azure
- features and tools in Azure for governance and compliance
- features and tools for managing and deploying Azure resources
- monitoring tools in Azure
Line length is the top of Microsoft’s range on a 0–40% scale; the shaded tail is the range itself. Stations are the sub-objectives.
Every sub-objective in the outline starts with the verb Describe. That one word sets the level: you are asked to recognize a service, a model or a tool and match it to a need, not to configure anything. Most questions hand you a short scenario and four names, two of them from the same family. The table lists, per sub-objective, what the questions probe and the pair you will most often have to split.
| Sub-objective | Area | What the questions really test | Near-twins to split |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cloud computing | Cloud concepts | Shared responsibility, public, private and hybrid models, consumption-based pricing, serverless | public vs hybrid; CapEx vs OpEx |
| Benefits of cloud services | Cloud concepts | Naming the benefit a scenario describes: availability, scalability, reliability, predictability, security, manageability | scalability vs high availability |
| Cloud service types | Cloud concepts | Who manages what in IaaS, PaaS and SaaS, and which type fits a use case | PaaS vs SaaS |
| Core architectural components | Architecture and services | Regions, region pairs, sovereign regions, availability zones, and how management groups, subscriptions and resource groups nest | availability zone vs region pair |
| Compute and networking | Architecture and services | VMs, scale sets, containers, Azure Functions, Azure Virtual Desktop; virtual networks, peering, VPN Gateway, ExpressRoute, endpoints | VPN Gateway vs ExpressRoute |
| Storage | Architecture and services | Storage services, access tiers, redundancy options, and the tools for moving or migrating data | LRS vs ZRS; AzCopy vs Data Box |
| Identity, access and security | Architecture and services | Microsoft Entra ID, sign-in methods, Conditional Access, Azure RBAC, Zero Trust, defense in depth, Microsoft Defender for Cloud | Conditional Access vs RBAC |
| Cost management | Management and governance | What drives cost, the pricing calculator, Cost Management, tags | pricing calculator vs Cost Management |
| Governance and compliance | Management and governance | Microsoft Purview, Azure Policy, resource locks | Azure Policy vs resource lock |
| Managing and deploying resources | Management and governance | The portal, Azure Cloud Shell, Azure CLI, Azure PowerShell, Azure Arc, infrastructure as code, ARM templates | Azure Arc vs Azure Migrate |
| Monitoring tools | Management and governance | Azure Advisor, Azure Service Health, Azure Monitor with Log Analytics, alerts and Application Insights | Advisor vs Service Health |
Sub-objective names shortened from Microsoft’s skills measured as of 20 July 2026. Descriptions and pairs are our own reading of the outline.
Skill area by skill area
Two of the three areas have a full line guide on this site, with the concepts, the confusable pairs and 12 practice questions each. Cloud concepts is worked on the sample questions page instead: 12 items, every option explained.
G125–30%
Cloud concepts
Cloud models, shared responsibility, consumption pricing, the benefits of cloud, and IaaS, PaaS and SaaS.
Worked in the sample questions
G235–40%
Regions and zones, the resource hierarchy, compute, networking, storage, identity and security services.
Line guide · 12 practice questions
G330–35%
Cost tools and tags, Policy, locks and Purview, deployment tools, and the three monitoring services.
Line guide · 12 practice questions
For cloud concepts, work through the cloud concepts worked examples, where every option is explained.
Describe Azure architecture and services (35–40%)
The biggest area and the most product names: four sub-objectives, from regions down to storage tiers and Entra ID. Questions here are service-picking. A stem says survive a datacenter failure or connect without crossing the public internet, and the answer turns on that phrase. The architecture and services guide walks the four sub-objectives in outline order and ends with a 12-question run.
Describe Azure management and governance (30–35%)
Cost, governance, deployment tools and monitoring. Fewer services than the architecture area, but they come in tight clusters that the exam loves to put side by side: Azure Policy, a resource lock and a tag in one option set, or Advisor, Service Health and Azure Monitor in another. The management and governance guide sorts each cluster by the question it answers.
Describe cloud concepts (25–30%)
The only area with no Azure product names in its labels, which is why people underrate it. Its stems test definitions in disguise: a company that wants to stop buying hardware for its peak month is a consumption-based model question; a team that patches its own operating system is in IaaS under shared responsibility. Short, wordy, and easy to miss by one term.
What changed in the July 2026 update
The 20 July 2026 refresh was minor: wording, not weights. The three areas and their ranges are the same as in the previous two versions. What has moved over the last few updates is the vocabulary, and that is where older notes cost you answers.
23 January 2024Entra names arrive
The outline switched its identity items to Microsoft names: Microsoft Entra ID, Microsoft Entra Domain Services and Microsoft Entra Conditional Access. Weights unchanged.
14 January 2026TCO Calculator out, B2B and B2C unnamed
The cost item changed from comparing the pricing calculator with the TCO Calculator to explore the pricing calculator. External identities stopped naming B2B and B2C. Weights unchanged.
20 July 2026Current outline
Virtual subnets became plain subnets; Azure CLI and Azure PowerShell are now listed beside Azure Cloud Shell rather than inside it; Application Insights is written as Azure Monitor Application Insights. Weights unchanged.
Two practical notes on the July wording. Expect Azure CLI and Azure PowerShell as tools in their own right, not only as something inside Cloud Shell. Also, if you read the outline in a language other than English, check the English page too: Microsoft says localized versions follow about eight weeks after the English one. As of 13 Oct 2026 the study guide lists no later version.
Names you will see on the exam
Microsoft renames products faster than prep material is rewritten. The outline uses the names below; an option carrying an older name is usually there to be struck.
- Microsoft Entra ID
- The cloud identity service, formerly Azure Active Directory. Handles sign-in, single sign-on, multifactor authentication and Conditional Access.
- Microsoft Entra Domain Services
- Managed domain services (domain join, Group Policy, LDAP) without running your own domain controllers.
- Microsoft Entra Conditional Access
- If-then sign-in policy inside Entra ID: a signal such as location or device leads to allow, require MFA, or block.
- Microsoft Defender for Cloud
- Security posture and workload protection. Older notes call its predecessor Azure Security Center.
- Microsoft Purview
- Data governance, risk and compliance across your data estate; the outline places it under governance and compliance.
- Pricing calculator
- Estimates Azure costs before you deploy. The TCO Calculator was retired in 2025 and is no longer in the outline.
- External identities
- Letting people outside your organization sign in. The outline no longer names B2B or B2C.
- Azure Monitor Application Insights
- Application performance monitoring, now named as part of Azure Monitor.
Elimination run
An older set of notes lists four Azure tools as study topics. Which one is still named in the July 2026 skills outline?
- ATCO CalculatorOut · round 1
- BAzure BlueprintsOut · round 1
- CMicrosoft SentinelOut · round 2
- DAzure ArcSurvivor
A study plan that follows the weights
Start where the points are and finish with a timed run. The order below follows the weights, heaviest first. If you already work in Azure, swap it for weakest first: take one untimed pass of the practice test and begin with the area where the end-of-line summary shows the fewest right answers.
Read the outline once, end to end
Use the table above or Microsoft’s skills measured list. The goal is a map, not memory: you should know which area a service belongs to before you learn what it does.
Architecture and services first
35–40% of the outline and the most names. Work the line guide sub-objective by sub-objective, then its 12 questions.
Management and governance next
30–35%. Learn the clusters as sets, Policy against locks against tags, Advisor against Service Health, then run the 12 questions on that guide.
Cloud concepts third
25–30%, with fewer names but slippery definitions. The sample questions page explains every option for this area.
Practice by skill area
On the practice test, filter to one area at a time and run it untimed. Read the note on every option you struck, right or wrong.
Finish with a timed run
Start a timed run of all 60 against a 45:00 clock. It is a pacing drill, not a score forecast; the exam itself gives you 45 minutes.
After each run, sort what you missed into three piles. The passes decide the order you answer in; the piles decide what you study next.
- Didn’t know it: a service you have never read about. Back to the line guide.
- Narrowed to two, picked wrong: you knew the family but not the word that splits the pair. Write that word down.
- Misread the stem: the condition was there and you skipped it. Read the four options first next time, so you know what the stem must decide.
The middle pile is the one that moves your result. You pass AZ-900 with 700 on a 1–1000 scale, which Microsoft says may not equal 70%, and most of the ground between a near-miss and a pass sits in questions where you had it down to two.
Self-study, a course, or both?
Self-study covers AZ-900 for most people, because the exam is beginner level with no prerequisites and the main free resource comes from Microsoft itself. A course earns its place when you want a fixed date and someone to ask.
Self-study
- Microsoft Learn’s self-paced training for AZ-900 is free and linked from the certification page
- You set the pace and the order, so you can follow the weights
- Easy to skip the dull parts, which is usually where cloud concepts lives
Instructor-led course
- Microsoft lists a one-day instructor-led course for AZ-900, run through training partners at their own prices
- Covers the whole outline in a fixed block of time
- A day of teaching is not a day of practice; you still need to work questions afterwards
The tell If what you lack is information, self-study is enough. If what you lack is structure or a deadline, a course supplies it.
Either way, reading teaches what a service does; questions teach you to tell it from its near-twin under a time limit. Budget your final days for the practice test and the line guides.
Syllabus, study guide, skills outline: one thing, three names
They all mean the same list. Microsoft publishes a page called the study guide for Exam AZ-900, and its core is a section titled skills measured: the three areas, the weights and the sub-objectives. Training providers and universities tend to call that list the syllabus; prep sites call it the outline or the topics.
- Skills measured
- Microsoft’s list of areas, weights and sub-objectives, dated. The current one is as of 20 July 2026.
- Study guide (Microsoft)
- The Learn page that carries the skills measured, a change log and links to Microsoft’s training. Read it on Microsoft Learn.
- Syllabus
- Not a separate document. Any “AZ-900 syllabus” should match the skills measured line for line.
- This page
- An independent study guide built on that outline, with explanations and practice of our own. It is not Microsoft’s.
The check is quick: compare a guide’s weights and names with the July 2026 outline. A PDF that still calls Entra ID by its old name, or lists the TCO Calculator as a topic, predates the January 2026 change at least. For the exam format itself, the exam details page covers time, scoring and booking.
- Architecture and servicesAzure architecture and services for AZ-900: the heaviest skill area, decoded
- Management and governanceAzure management and governance for AZ-900: the tools the exam expects you to tell apart
- Practice testFree AZ-900 practice test: 60 explained questions across all three skill areas
- Sample questionsAZ-900 sample questions, answered and explained
FAQ
Q1What is the best way to prepare for the AZ-900 exam?
Learn the outline area by area, heaviest first, then practice by area and finish with a timed run. Architecture and services (35–40%) has its own line guide; start there, and for each sub-objective learn the pair of services the questions put side by side.
Q2How long does it take to study for the AZ-900 exam?
It depends on how much Azure you already know, so this guide gives no hour figure. A better signal than the calendar is your end-of-line summary: when each area holds up on an untimed pass and on the timed run, you are close.
Q3What are the main topics in AZ-900?
Three skill areas as of 20 July 2026: describe cloud concepts (25–30%), describe Azure architecture and services (35–40%), and describe Azure management and governance (30–35%), split into 11 sub-objectives listed in the table above.
Q4Is AZ-900 hard to pass?
It is a beginner exam with no prerequisites, but it is precise about names. Most misses come from near-twin services such as an availability zone and a region pair. You pass at 700 on a 1–1000 scaled score; Microsoft publishes no pass rate. The AZ-900 overview has the rest of the format.
Q5Does Microsoft publish its own AZ-900 study guide?
Yes. Microsoft’s study guide for Exam AZ-900 on Microsoft Learn lists the skills measured, the weights and a change log. This page is an independent guide built on it, not a Microsoft document.
Q6What are the 5 pillars of Azure architecture?
That phrase refers to the Azure Well-Architected Framework: reliability, security, cost optimization, operational excellence and performance efficiency. It is not an AZ-900 objective. The nearest thing on the outline is Azure Advisor, whose recommendations are grouped under similar headings.